Chapter 24 Active Reading Guide Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes Answers
Chapter twoiv Early Life and theastward Diversification of Prokaryotes
The First Cells
Earth formed 4.6 billion years ago
The oldest fossil organisms ardue east prokaryotes, dating dorsum to iii.5 billion years ago
Prokaryotes are unmarried-celled organisms in the domains Leaner and Archaea
Some of the earliest prokaryotic cells lived in the dense kats; others werdue east free-floating individual cells
Prokaryoteastsouth were lonely on Earth until the first eukaryote cells appeared 1.eight billion years ago
They are the nigh abundant organisms on Earth
They thrive in nigh environments, including places likewise acidic, salty, cold, or hot for most other
organisms
Some prokaryotes colonize the bodies of other organisms
Conditions on Early Globe Made the Origin of Life
Possible
Chemic and physical processes on early on Earth may have produced very simple cells through a sequence
of 4 stages:
one. Abiotic synthesis of small organic molecules
2. Joining of these small molecules into macromolecules
3. Packaging of molecule into protocells, membr1-leap droplets that maintain consistent
internal chemistry
4. Origin of self-replicating molecules
Synthesis of Organic Compounds on Early Earth
World'due south early on atmosphere had little oxygen and likely contained water vapor and compounds released by
volcanic eruptions
Example: nitrogen, nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen
As Earth cooled, westater vapor condensed into oceans, and most hydrogen escaped into space
Organic compounds may havdue east originated in reducing conditions by volcanoes or deep-sea vents
Amino acids form spontaneously in eastxperimental conditions simulating volcanic eruptions
Source: https://www.studocu.com/en-us/document/university-of-new-hampshire/biol-evol-biodiv-ecol-lab/chapter-24-25-notes/8086843
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